Springer Nature
The first section deals with hydrological topics, problems, and principles. In this chapter, detailed studies related to hydrological monitoring are carried out. Overland flow velocity estimation, wireless sensor networks, and application of deep learning techniques are discussed. These topics are helpful to estimate overland flow velocities using tracer techniques based on the infrared thermography and fluorescent properties of quinine which can help in the visualization of shallow flows, evaluation of high-resolution rainfall measurement, and extracting water bodies from high-resolution drones and satellite imagery using an integrated deep learning method. The chapter critically discusses the advantage of thermal tracers, utilizing the wireless sensor networks for the accurate capture of spatially varied precipitation patterns, and evaluation and quality assessment of water extraction using deep learning techniques. It highlights recommendations and limitations that should be taken into account for hydrological monitoring. Moreover, this section discusses rainfall and floods and their related attributes in arid regions, including flood mitigation and risk assessment. Flood…