Chromium Toxicity
Springer Nature
Chromium is widely used in many industrial processes, including metallurgy, printing, dyeing, tanning, and electroplating. However, effluents of these companies pollute the environment when they are not properly disposed of. This causes tissue damage and has deadly effects on humans, animals, plants, and the environment. It also has mutagenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic effects. The two states of chromium that are most prevalent are trivalent (Cr (III)) and hexavalent (Cr (VI)). While trivalent chromium state is a valuable trace metal, and hexavalent state is non-essential and it causes dermatitis, lung cancer, stomach and kidney damage, as well as irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract. Chronic build-up of harmful chromium (VI) along food chains frequently results in biomagnification, which greatly increases the risk to human health. The amount of water needed for industrial purposes around the world has been growing exponentially. Water is an important resource, yet misuse of it and inadequate, delayed treatment frequently cause contamination and scarcity. It has been stated that a variety of water treatment techniques can remove harmful materials from bodies of water.…
